Leadership †Making the Business Successful Free Essays

Leadership has different meanings to various authors.   Leadership could be defined as influence, that is, the art of process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals (Bass, 1981).   Although their approach to leadership theory is primarily one of analyzing lead ­ership style, Fred E. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership – Making the Business Successful or any similar topic only for you Order Now Fiedler and his associates at the University of Illinois have suggested a contingency theory of leadership (Fiedler, 1967). The theory holds that people become leaders not only because of the attributes of their personalities but also because of various situational factors and the interactions between leaders and group members. On the basis of his studies, Fiedler de ­scribed three critical dimensions of the leadership situation that help determine what style of leadership will be most effective (Miner, 1982): Position power is the degree to which the power of a position, as distinguished from other sources of power, such as personality or expertise, enables a leader to get group members to comply with directions; in the case of managers, this is the power arising from organizational authority. As Fiedler points out, a leader with clear and considerable position power can obtain good followership more easily than one without such power (Bowers, 1975). With the dimension of Task structure, Fiedler had in mind the extent to which tasks can be clearly spelled out and people held responsible for them. If tasks are clear (rather than vague and unstructured), the quality of performance can be more easily controlled and group members can be held more definitely responsible for performance. Fiedler regarded the dimension of Leader-member relations as the most im ­portant from a leader’s point of view, since position power and task structure may be largely under the control of an enterprise. It has to do with the extent to which group members like, trust, and are willing to follow a leader (Yuki, 1981). To approach his study, Fiedler set forth two major styles of leadership. One of these is primarily task-oriented; that is, the leader gains satis ­faction from seeing tasks performed. The other is oriented primarily toward achiev ­ing good interpersonal relations and attaining a position of personal prominence. Favorableness of situation was defined by Fiedler as the degree to which a given situation enables a leader to exert influence over a group. To measure leadership styles and determine whether a leader is chiefly task-oriented, Fiedler used an unusual testing technique (Kirkpatrick Locke, 1991). He based his findings on two sources: (1) scores on the least preferred coworker (LPC) scale – these are ratings made by people in a group as to those with whom they would least like to work; and (2) scores on the assumed similarity between opposites (ASO) scale–ratings based on the degree to which leaders see group members as being like themselves, on the assumption that people will like best, and work best with, those who are seen as most like them ­selves. Today the LPC scale is most commonly used in research. In developing this scale, Fiedler asked respondents to identify the traits of a person with whom they could work least well (Fiedler, 1967). Leadership performance depends as much on the organization as it depends on the leader’s own attributes. Except perhaps for the unusual case, it is simply not meaningful to speak of an effective leader or an ineffective leader; we can only speak of a leader who tends to be effective in one situation and ineffective in another. If we wish to increase organizational and group effectiveness we must learn not only how to train leaders more effectively but also how to build an organizational environment in which the leader can perform well (Indvik, 1986). In a highly structured situation, such as in the military during a war, where the leader has strong position power and good relations with members, there is a favorable situation in which task orientation is most appropriate. The other ex ­treme, an unfavorable situation with moderately poor relations, an unstructured task, and weak position power, also suggests task orientation by the leader, who may reduce anxiety or ambiguity that could be created by the loosely structured situation. Between the two extremes, the suggested approach emphasizes cooperation and good relations with people. To conclude, leadership is the art or process of influencing people so that they contribute willingly and enthusiastically toward group goals. Leadership requires followership. The approach to leadership, built on the assumption that leaders are the product of given situations, focuses on the study of situations. Fiedler’s contingency approach takes into account the position power of the leader, the structure of the task, and the relations between the leader and group members. This would make the followers to like, trust and follow the leader. The conclu ­sion is that there is no one best leadership style and that managers can be successful if placed in appropriate situations. References Bass, Barnard M. 1981. Stodgill’s Handbook of Leadership: A survey of theory and research, Rev. ed, New York: The Free Press. Bowers, David G. 1975. â€Å"Hierarchy, Function and the Generalizability of Leadership Prac ­tices,† in James G. Hunt and Lars L. Larson (eds.), Leadership Frontiers (Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1975), pp. 167-180. Fiedler, Fred E. 1967. A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1967). Indvik, Julie. 1986. â€Å"Path Goal Theory of Leadership: A Meta-Analysis,† in John A. Pearce II and Richard B. Robinson, Jr. (eds.), Academy of Management Best Papers-Proceedings, Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, Chicago (Aug. 13-16, 1986), pp. 189-192. Kirkpatrick, Shelley A. Locke, Edwin A. 1991. â€Å"Leadership: Do Traits Matter?† Academy of Management Executive (May 1991), pp. 48-60. Miner, John B. 1982. Theories of Organizational Structure and Process, Hinsdale, Ill.: The Dryden Press, Chap.2. Yuki, Gary A. 1981.   Leadership in Organization, (Englewood Cliffs, N.]: Prentice-Hall, chap. 4.                                        How to cite Leadership – Making the Business Successful, Essay examples

Minerals and Energy Resources free essay sample

We require metals for making machines, sands and gravels for making roads and buildings,  sand for making computer chips, limestone and gypsum for making concrete, clays for making ceramics, gold, silver, copper and aluminum for making electric circuits, and diamonds  and corundum (sapphire, ruby, emerald) for abrasives and jewelry. A mineral deposit is a volume of rock enriched in one or more materials. In this sense a mineral refers to a useful material, a definition that is different from the way we defined a mineral back in Chapter Here the word mineral can be any substance that comes from the Earth. Finding and exploiting mineral deposits requires the application of the principles of geology that you have learned throughout this course. Some minerals are used as they are found in the ground, i. e. they require no further processing or very little processing. For example gemstones, sand, gravel, and  salt (halite). We will write a custom essay sample on Minerals and Energy Resources or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most minerals must be processed before they are used. For example: * Iron is the found in abundance in minerals, but the process of extracting iron from different minerals varies in cost depending on the mineral. It is least costly to extract the iron from oxide minerals like hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), or limonite [Fe(OH)]. Although iron also occurs in olivines, pyroxenes, amphiboles, and biotite, the concentration of iron in these minerals is less, and cost of extraction is increased because strong bonds between iron, silicon, and oxygen must be broken. * Aluminum is the third most abundant mineral in the Earths crust. It occurs in the most common minerals of the crust the feldspars (NaAlSi3O8, KalSi3O8, CaAl2Si2O8, but the cost of extracting the Aluminum from these minerals is high. Thus, deposits containing the mineral gibbsite [Al(OH)3], are usually sought. This explains why recycling of Aluminum is cost effective, since the Aluminum does not have to be separated from oxygen or silicon. Because such things as extraction costs, manpower costs, and energy costs vary with time and from country to country, what constitutes an  economically viable deposit  of minerals varies considerably in time and place. In general, the higher the concentration of the substance, the more economical it is to mine. Thus we define an ore as a mineral deposit from which one or more valuable substances can be extracted economically. Extraction of this oil also requires heating the rock and is therefore energy intensive and not currently cost effective Coal Coal  is a sedimentary/metanorphic rock produced in swamps where there is a large-scale accumulation of organic matter from plants. As the plants die they accumulate to first become peat. Compaction of the peat due to burial drives off   volatile components like water and methane, eventually producing a black- colored organic- rich coal called lignite. Further compaction and heating results in a more carbon- rich coal called bituminous coal. If the rock becomes metamorphosed, a high grade coal called anthracite is produced. However, if temperatures and pressures become extremely high, all of the carbon is converted to graphite. Graphite will burn only at high temperatures and is therefore not useful as an energy source. Anthracite coal produces the most energy when burned, with less energy produced by bituminous coal and lignite. Coal is found in beds called seams, usually ranging in thickness from 0. 5 to 3m, although some seams reach 30 m. Two major coal producing periods are known in geologic history. During the Carboniferous and Permian Periods, the continents were apparently located near the equator and covered by shallow seas. This type of environment favored the growth of vegetation and rapid burial to produce coal. Known reserves of coal far exceed those of other fossil fuels, and may be our best bet for an energy source of the future. Still, burning of the lower grades of coal, like lignite and bituminous coal produces large amounts of waste products that pollute the atmosphere. This problem needs to be overcome before we can further exploit this source of energy. Bottom of Form

Poor Employee Relations Essay Sample free essay sample

This instance survey follows a Tool Manufacturer where an in-depth organisational analysis was conducted comprising of qualitative interviews with senior direction. Hence. procedure function was conducted to detail the chief activities of the organisation. The procedure function demonstrated how the client and the organisation interacted. The client would ab initio near the Tool Manufacturer through associated selling or more typically on the footing of old work completed. On the footing of client demands a preliminary drawing of the tool would be drafted and sent to the client. The client would so accept the bill of exchange drawing. which would so be manufactured consequently. Nevertheless. non all was good. Several undertakings had been delayed. ensuing in a loss of gross for the concern. Worst of all. several tools had been manufactured to incorrect bill of exchange specifications. which so had to be scrapped and started once more. Such was the instance due to bury departmental s truggles. We will write a custom essay sample on Poor Employee Relations Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An e. g. of such struggle is demonstrated between the Drawing Department and the Machine Shop where the Draft specification drawings instead than finalized drawings were given to the Machine Shop to bring forth the tool. There was deficiency of duty and answerability. This struggle non merely created internal jobs. but besides reduced employee motive and occupation satisfaction. Further research revealed that persons tended to see themselves working in a vacuity or in a cliche as opposed to working within the wider organisation. This had several effects including worker struggle. interdepartmental struggle and hapless employee dealingss. The struggle had a wider deduction that jeopardized the concern as a whole. Customer orders were being delayed. orders were non being produced to the right specification and some orders were of such inferior quality ( due to their frequent reworking ) that they broke down within hebdomads of being installed at the client site. This led to a impairmen t of the client’s repute of being a First tool maker. Measuring the instance IntroductionEmployee dealingss and worker struggles are ever debatable and the effects are hard to foretell ( Fortado. 2001 ) . Debatable dealingss can do ill-feeling between co-workers. take downing occupation satisfaction ( Biggs. Senior and Swailes. 2002 ) or doing emphasis and depression ( Dormann and Zapf. 2002 ; Friedman. Tidd. Currall and Tsai. 2000 ) . The above instance is a typical instance of bad employee dealingss which is due to miss of proper co-ordination. communicating. answerability and duty. We see that there is no harmoniousness between the sections and many of the bing literature has viewed manufacturing-marketing struggle mostly as an unwanted ancestor or result that is to be minimized. The instance shows that such struggle is so unwanted for an organisation that it non merely affects the employees of those concerned sections but threats the endurance of the organisation as a whole. Besides. it is seen that the demand to increase consumer orientation of the house has necessitated the integrating of selling and operations. But. unluckily. the relationship between these two maps has frequently been uncomfortable. if non adversial ( Karmakar. 1996. p. 125 ) . In the instance mentioned above. we see that due to worker struggles. there is deficiency of occupation satisfaction and employee motive. both which are indispensable for the longetivity of the organisation. Worker struggle is inevitable in any workplace due to the mutuality of the employees and the squads. To get the better of such struggles. first demand is that the organisation must hold a direction squad who is able. carnival. supply clear and crystalline communicating and set ends that are consistent and accomplishable. The top degree executives or the proprietor should see bettering direction accomplishments to decide employee dealingss and ill will efficaciously. To such an terminal. out bound preparation or any such measure can be taken. The directors must be trained plenty to undertake the employee jobs without mortifying any one party and taking a just determination to work out the issue. They should besides keep regular meetings to maintain path of where they are standing in their undertaking of presenting their merchandises. This manner the direction in the company will be in a better place to take a determination as to how the alliance of the work should be done. Besides. being cognizant of the activities held. on a regular footing will assist them to successfully run into peak periods of client demands. Coming back to Job satisfaction. as most of us know. it is the extent to which an person is content with his/ her occupation. The happier they are. the more productive they are. Besides closely linked is employee motive. Research and observations show that motivated employees are more productive and originative. The opposite besides holds true. Therefore. to get the better of this primary job. the direction should carry on studies or questionnaires to happen out the occupation satisfaction degrees. Depending on the responses. they should so concentrate on occupation design. occupation rotary motion. occupation enrichment and so on to run into the employee demands. They should concentrate on actuating the employees by honoring them suitably. Merely one time the working force of the organisation is content and motivated. can they be geared up t o carry through their ultimate aim- i. e. run intoing client demands. In this instance. we see success of the concern is wholly based on run intoing client demands and satisfaction. As discussed. before making here. the other internal jobs must be tackled and solved. However. seeking to make the solution for run intoing client demands. the organisation has to concentrate on get the better ofing the inter-departmental co-ordination. The duty of run intoing client demands does non lie with merely one section. It’s the combined attempt that finds the wages in this signifier. Hence. co-ordination is a must. But here we see that the two chief sections. the Drawing Department and the Machine Shop. which either straight or indirectly were related to guarantee client demands were non working in any manner of co-ordination. Hence it can be suggested that they focus on their communicating by following appropriate forums. Such has been proved and suggested clip and once more. Souder ( 1981 ) found that good communications and harmonious dealingss are more likely to take to merchandise success. The supervisors or the functional caputs of both these sections should concentrate on co-coordinating with each other and non viing. Since the employees are wo rking under these caputs. attention can be taken that they guarantee that they do their portion of the full procedure of production. for which they are entitled. Besides patterns like negative support or penalty can be adopted to guarantee timely public presentation as clip seems to be a really important factor for them. Another suggestion to get the better of the communicating job is that the company can follow the celebrated. good established and easy to understand model-the Johari Window by Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham. As the theoretical account is peculiarly relevant in today’s concern environment. it can certainly turn out to be of good usage for this company to assist better their interpersonal relationships and teamwork. The instance besides mentions that there is deficiency of duty on the portion of the Drawings Department. They are supposed to give a finalized image of the merchandise to be manufactured instead than a unsmooth bill of exchange. But they left that to be taken attention of by the Machine Shop. In making so. the Machine Shop went off path and therefore delayed run intoing the client needs. This is clearly a instance of deficiency of Unity of Direction. The full organisation should be traveling towards a common aim in a common way. ( Henry Fayol’s 14 Management Principles ) . Although their aim was to sell their tools. but the way of carry throughing this aim was non in line. This reduced client demand due to miss of quality in the tools. As mentioned in the instance. the Machine Shop went to the extent where several tools had been manufactured to incorrect bill of exchange specifications. which so had to be scrapped and started once more. The quality decreased. the trueness decreased. the outlooks of the clients decreased. To deliver such state of affairss. I would wish to propose that the direction focuses on squad edifice attempts. A squad can be defined as two or more persons who socially interact ( face-to-face or. progressively. virtually ) possess one or more common ends ; are brought together to execute organizationally relevant undertakings ; exhibit mutualities with regard to workflow. ends. and outcomes ; hold different functions and duties ; and are together embedded in an embracing organisational system. with boundaries and linkages to the broader system context and undertaking environment ( Alderfer. 1977 ; Argote A ; McGrath. 1993 ; Hackman. 1992 ; Hollenbeck et Al. . 1995 ; Kozlowski A ; Bell. 2003 ; Kozlowski. Gully. McHugh. Salas. A ; Cannon-Bowers. 1996 ; Kozlowski et Al. . 1999 ; Salas. Dickinson. Converse. A ; Tannenbaum. 1992 ) . As the definition suggests. if such is followed. decidedly half the mayhem of this Tool Manufacturer will be taken attention of. Harmonizing to ( Kozlowski. Gully. Nason. A ; Smith. 1999 ) . increasing competition. consolidation. and invention create force per unit areas for skill diverseness. high degrees of expertness. rapid response. and adaptability. Teams enable these features. Hence the direction should promote squad work instead than individualistic work. maintaining in head their line of concern. This will besides assist turn to the other large job that the company is confronting. i. e. the sections working in vacuity as opposed to working as portion of the wider organisation. I would besides wish to propose that the organisation can follow Entire Quality Management ( TQM ) which emphasizes that the quality of merchandises and procedures is the duty of everyone involved with the creative activity or ingestion of the merchandises or services offered by an organisation. necess itating the engagement of direction. work force. providers. and clients. to run into or transcend client outlooks. Decision Therefore. reasoning the instance. I would wish to state one time once more that acknowledging and work outing the issues of hapless employee dealingss and worker struggle should be the first measure in helping the organisation placing what issues are so involved in non run intoing client demand. All the possible several solutions. to assist decide this job has been put frontward. If adopted sacredly. consequences are bound to demo which will assist the company retain its competitory advantage by run intoing client deadlines and demands. Mentions dean. jr. j. w. . A ; snell. s. a. ( 1996. June ) . The Strategic Use of Integrated Manufacturing: An Empirical Examination. Strategic Management Journal. 17 ( 6 ) . 459-462. Retrieved December 8. 2012. from jstor. kozlowski. S. W. . A ; ilgen. d. r. Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams. . 7 ( 3 ) . 77-81. Retrieved December 11. 2012. from jstor. northup. t. ( 2006. October ) . effectual communicating ; a necessity for successful organisation. Retrieved December 9. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. lmgsuccess. com/documents/EffectiveComm. pdf tutek. p. h. . A ; ay. d. c. RESOLVING CONFLICT BETWEEN MARKETING AND ENGINEERING: A QUEST FOR EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION. . 535-536. Retrieved December 8. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. opf. slu. cz/vvr/akce/turecko/pdf/Tutek. pdf

Defining AIDS and HIV in the United States essays

Defining AIDS and HIV in the United States essays Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) refers to the advanced development of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and extensive damage to the immune system. Not everyone who acquires HIV develops AIDS. HIV is an infection that invades immune systems cells called CD4-positive (CD4+) T cells that fights infections. HIV invades the body's CD4+ T cells and damages the immune systems ability to fight against diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and other microscopic organisms. There are medications for the treatment of HIV; these medicines slow down the rate at which HIV replicates and subsequently weakens the immune system. AIDS is defined as certain signs or symptoms as specified in guidelines formulated by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), including: HIV-infected persons with HIV-infected persons with at least 1 of more than 24 AIDS-associated conditions (infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses rarely seen in healthy people) When HIV progresses to AIDS, it is fatal, yet, the rate of AIDS-related deaths has decreased with the development of new medicines. Some HIV-infected individuals may show little or no immune system deterioration and low levels of HIV even after 15 or more years of infection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Studies of acute infection and long-term non-progressors provide facts about the immune responses needed to develop an HIV vaccine. Experimental vaccines have proven protective and well tolerated in animal models of AIDS but not in humans. In conclusion, anyone is capable of becoming HIV-infected. Therefore, it is important to educate people on the definition and facts about AIDS. The CDC reported that 2.2 million Americans now carry the HIV virus but do not yet have symptoms; AIDS the leading cause of death for Americans between the ages of 18 35; and the HIV-infected rate in the U.S. is appr ...

Thank You Note Definition and Writing Tips

Thank You Note Definition and Writing Tips A thank-you note is a type of correspondence in which the writer expresses gratitude for a gift, service, or opportunity. Personal thank-you notes are customarily handwritten on cards. Business-related thank-you notes are usually typed on company letterhead, but they, too, may be handwritten. Basic Elements of a Thank-You Note [The] basic elements for writing a thank-you note should include: Address the individual(s), using a  salutation  or greeting. . . .Say thank you.Identify the gift (be certain to get this one right. It does not look good to thank Mr. and Mrs. Smith for the lingerie when they sent you a toaster.)Express how you feel about the gift and what it will be used for.Add a personal note or message.Sign your thank-you note. Within this framework, there is a great deal of latitude. When preparing to write a note, sit for a moment and consider your relationship with the person to whom you are writing. Is it intimate and personal? Is it someone you know as an acquaintance? Are you writing to a complete stranger? This should dictate the tone of your writing. (Gabrielle Goodwin and David Macfarlane, Writing Thank-You Notes: Finding the Perfect Words. Sterling, 1999) Six Steps to Writing a Personal Thank-You Note [1]Dear Aunt Dee, [2]Thank you so much for the great new duffel bag. [3]I cant wait to use it in my spring break cruise. The bright orange is just perfect. Not only is it my favorite color (you know that!), but Ill be able to spot my bag a mile away! Thanks for such a fun, personal, and really useful gift! [4]Im really looking forward to seeing you when I get back. Ill come over to show you pictures from the trip! [5]Thanks again for always thinking of me. [6]Love, Maggie [1] Greet the recipient. [2] Clearly state why you are writing. [3] Elaborate on why you are writing. [4] Build the relationship. [5] Restate why you are writing. [6] Give your regards. (Angela Ensminger and Keeley Chace, Note-worthy: A Guide to Writing Great Personal Notes. Hallmark, 2007) Thank-You Note Following a Job Interview An essential job-seeking technique, as well as a gesture of courtesy, is to thank the person who interviews you. Write a note immediately after the interview and before a decision has been made. State what you liked about the interview, the company, the position. Emphasize briefly and specifically your suitability for the job. Address concerns about your qualifications that came up during the interview. Mention any issue that you didnt have the opportunity to discuss. If you felt you misspoke or left the wrong impression, this is where you can correct your interviewbut be brief and subtle. You dont want to remind the interviewer of a weak point. (Rosalie Maggio, How to Say It: Choice Words, Phrases, Sentences, and Paragraphs for Every Situation, 3rd ed. Penguin, 2009) Thank-You Notes to College Admission Offices Call it a testament to how carefully students court college admissions offices these days: Thank-you notes have become the new frontier. . . . Miss Manners, Judith Martin, who writes a syndicated etiquette column that runs in more than 200 newspapers, says she, for one, does not think thanks are needed for a campus visit: I would never, ever say, Don’t write a thank-you note under any circumstances. I don’t want to discourage them. But it is not really a situation that is mandatory. Still, some admissions advisers [disagree]. It seems like a small thing, but I tell my students that every contact with the college contributes to their perception of you, said Patrick J. O’Connor, director of college counseling at the private Roeper School in Birmingham, Mich. (Karen W. Arenson, Thank-You Note Enters College Admission Game. The New York Times, Oct. 9, 2007) A CEOs Thank-You Notes Dear Bloomberg Businessweek Friends, Thank you for asking my perspective on writing thank you notes. In my 10 years as President and CEO of Campbell Soup Company, I sent out over 30,000 notes to our 20,000 employees. I found it was a powerful way to reinforce our strategies, to let our employees know we were paying attention and to let them know that we cared. I kept my notes short (50-70 words) and to the point. They celebrated accomplishments and contributions of real significance. They were virtually all handwritten to make the communication more authentic and personal. It is a practice that I highly recommend. Good luck! Doug (Douglas Conant, Write a Thank-You Note. Bloomberg Businessweek, Sep. 22, 2011) Thank-You Note to Anita Hill Anita Hill, I want to personally thank you for what you did for us twenty years ago. Thank you for speaking up and speaking out. Thank you for your quiet dignity, your eloquence and elegance, your grace under pressure. Thank you for illuminating the complexities of female powerlessness and for explaining why you didn’t complain when the offense first occurred, and for describing how cowed and coerced a woman can feel when she’s hit upon by a man who controls her economic destiny. . . . (Letty Cottin Pogrebin, A Thank-You Note to Anita Hill. The Nation, Oct. 24, 2011)

Discipleship in the Gospel of Matthew Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Discipleship in the Gospel of Matthew - Essay Example he concept of discipleship will be explored and subsequently validated through comparisons to the role of faith, devotional learning and ministry within contemporary Christian communities. The English word disciple customarily denotes a follower, adherent or student of a great master, religious leader or teacher.2 Discipleship, in relation to the teachings of New Testament principles, focuses around Christs establishment of a group of individuals who digest, adopt and consequently administer these lessons to other individuals for the sake of promoting Christian doctrine. Moreover, a primary objective of Christs ministry was to appoint citizens of the community of Israel to the role of disciple where, as He preached and educated them regarding His new covenant, these newly selected ministers were moved to faith for the sake of servitude to Christianity.3 It is crucial to highlight the fundamental principles of new Christian doctrine, as Jesus teachings offered a radical reinterpretation of scripture and Jewish tradition whereby He frames the invitation to an abundant life within a new Christian community through a calling to rigorous discipleship.4 In the New Testament, Christ administers His absolute authority to promote a new doctrine for acceptable living by citing His relationship as the appointed messenger of God. Through His teachings, those who were appointed as disciples formed the nucleus of the modern church and that the pattern of the relationship between Christ and his disciples was essential for the establishment of a communion between the risen Lord and members of His church.5 Thus, discipleship can from God through Christ. It is within the Gospel of Matthew where elements of discipleship are most apparent which point toward the goals of adherents to Christianity and the role of disciples in promoting Christian morality and Gods law for the sake of building not only the modern church, but in establishing salvation for others through ministry. The

Influence of Cold War on Development i the Third World Essay

Influence of Cold War on Development i the Third World - Essay Example Third world countries adopted capitalist economy that has hindered their developments in many ways. Considering the level of human interference such as government regulations, selfish interests and communism policies can be claimed to have hindered development. Permanent economic forces such as the forces of demand, supply, unemployment, and inflation have been consistently applied in academic teachings where the forces are traced into a perfect self-balance in the free market economies. Unlike the free market economies that could have enabled third world countries to improve their economic prosperity through the self-balancing forces, the capitalist economies have continually had effective development. The forces of unemployment have driven most third world countries into underutilization of resources that could have been effectively used to advance economic developments into industrialization and self-sufficiency among the states. Moreover, third world countries continue to become under-developed due to lack of balance of the controlled and government regulated markets (Arnold Harberger, 1998, p50-54) The ideologies of capitalist states that spilled over into the third world countries have resulted in ownership of the biggest percentage of states resources by a few individuals, while the majority of the population continue to languished in poverty. The ideological frameworks have led into high level of inequality among people, since land and asset owners have accumulated wealth from the middle class and forced them into poverty. A good example of the capitalists market is Chile, which has experienced societal war of the middle class and the poor against the rich. Indeed, forty-five percent of the population was below the poverty line while ten percent of the population increased their income by eighty three percent since the introduction of the capitalist rule (Eduardo Galeano, 1983, p86). Geo-Political Framework It is believed that third world countries have remained underdeveloped due to domination of political framework where the society is forced into accepting the non-communi st system of governance and economic strategy. The systems of communism where people exist freely without being restricted and operating in free markets were barred by dictatorial rule. According to Garner (N.d), this kind of dictatorial rule seeks to manifest its ideologies and establish itself at the expense of the welfare of the society that has utilized liberal ideologies to build itself and live in harmony. The story of the three little pigs that built their houses with liberal ideas and freedom of choice represents the free market economy where democracy exists. This kind of ideology is what the third world countries need to protect against the ‘Wolf and its imperialist rule’ to achieve development and industrialization. This kind of government often faces a threat of revolution among members of the society. The Nicaraguan case is viewed as a social movement towards revolution against the imperialist ideological rule that has degraded humanity in poverty and despe ration (Ross and Levy, N.d, 410). Dictatorial rule was seen to subject citizens who were against this kind of rule to torture and even death. Citizens who were seen to have ideologies that were contrary to the system of